朗阁首页 > 托福频道 > 托福阅读 > 托福阅读备考:怎么从文章中获得更多资源

托福阅读备考:怎么从文章中获得更多资源

来源:网络 2013-04-18 编辑:PMC_phoenix 雅思托福0元试学

备考资料免费领取

阅读这个环节对于*的考生来说无疑也是一个难点,信息量又大,如果不在做题过程中找到适当的方法,那么不管是在考试过程中只要一项信息理解有错误就有可能会满盘皆输了!下面是朗阁小编为大家总结的一些建议,能在阅读文章中获得更多的额资源!下面我们就来一起看一看吧!

阅读这个环节对于*的考生来说无疑也是一个难点,信息量又大,如果不在做题过程中找到适当的方法,那么不管是在考试过程中只要一项信息理解有错误就有可能会满盘皆输了!下面是朗阁小编为大家总结的一些建议,能在阅读文章中获得更多的额资源!下面我们就来一起看一看吧!

原文:

Geologists have long known that the Earth''s mantle is heterogeneous, but its spatial arrangement remains unresolved—is the mantle essentially layered or irregularly heterogeneous? The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands, islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle,are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle.Some geologists, however, on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths, argue that the mantle is not layered, but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in "incompatible elements" (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state) percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly, according to the vagaries of the fluids'' pathways. We believe, perhaps unimaginatively, that this debate can be resolved through further study, and that the underexplored midocean ridge system is the key.

一、难词

spatial: a.1.空间的,太空的;2.存在(或者发生)于宇宙空间的

plume: n.1.羽状物2.柱,地柱

xenolith:俘虏岩

percolate:v.1.渗透2.扩散到,弥漫于

portions: n.一部分

二、难句

1.the best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands,islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle,are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system, whose source,most geologists contend,is the upper mantle.

对于地幔分层论点来说,*好的证据乃这样一个确认的事实,即在那些海洋岛屿——这些岛屿据信是源于由下层地幔升上来的地幔柱状溶岩流(mantle plume)——上发现的火山岩石,是由与海洋中部山脊系统的物质根本不同的物质构成的,而这一海洋中部山脊系统的成因,大多数地质学家论辩道,为上部地幔。

难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语

解释:本句前面的主干并不算难,即the evidence is the fact that,难就难在fact之后说明fact 的同位语从句。此从句中既有大段插入语,又有从句,较为难读。同位语从句的主语是volcanic rocks,主语后面的found on oceanic islands是分词修饰volcanic rocks的;islands后面又有一个说明islands的同位语islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle,此同位语实际起到一个分隔主谓的同位语的作用。其后是谓语动词are composed/of fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle。

句中有一些专有词汇。如果抛开文章不说,单看这一个句子,则句首的layered mantle thesis就难以理解。但是如果读者能够读懂句子的大致意思,看到layered mantle thesisr*有力证据就是其材料fundamentally different from… the upper mantle,这应该可以推测出,既然不同于上层地幔,则这个理论一定是在说地幔有不同的层面。

2. some geologists,however,on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths, argue that the mantle is not layered,but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in "incompatible elements" (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state)percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly,according to the vagaries of the fluids’ pathways. (4+)

但是,某些地质学家,以对地幔捕虏岩体(xenolith)所作的观察为依据,指出地幔并非是分层排列的,相反,地幔的异质性是由那些富含“不相容成分”的流质构成的,这些成分趋向于流体而非固体的状态,自下而上渗透扩散,并依照这些流质流向的任意性,不规则地将上部地幔的某些部分予以改变。

难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语

解释:本句的主句中有一个长插入语however,on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths,割裂了主谓,但句子的主要难度还是在that引导的宾语从句中,从句中有由but 所连接的两个句子,一起延续到句末。首选是rich in incompatible elements修饰fluids;后面又有一个同位语和一个分词结构,都是修饰incompatible elements的,*后还有一个状语来修饰那个分词结构,层层修饰,比较复杂。

三、托福阅读文章结构

Ts是文章的句,因此这一篇短文章是结论解释型。文章开始说出了地幔是heterogeneous,然后又指出了他的spatial arrangement remains unresolved,然后提出了两种理论,一是layyered-mantle thesis,另外一个是irregularly heterogeneous.然后分别对这两种理论进行describe.*后作者指出,We believe,perhaps unimaginatively, that this debate can be resolved through further study, and that the underexplored midocean ridge system is the key.


更多托福资讯请访问》》》朗阁托福专区
 
 

朗阁*专业托福培训,有关课程内容等问题可通过以下两种方式咨询:

 
   :登陆朗阁托福培训官网查看相关信息:http://toefl.longre.com/
 
 
只要简单填写以下信息,就可以申请朗阁托福免费试听课程哟,还不赶快行动起来!

朗阁;托福培训;托福考试
分享到:

热门雅思培训课程推荐

  • 适用人群
  • 词汇量1000
  • 词汇量1500
  • 词汇量2000以上
  • 词汇量6000以上
  • 开课时间
  • 热报中
  • 滚动开班
  • 即将开班
  • 热报中

获取验证码

立即获取

稍后有专业老师给你回电,请保持电话畅通
沪ICP备 17003234 号 图书经营许可证:第A7651号 版权所有:上海朗阁教育科技股份有限公司 Copyright 2005 LONGRE EDUCATION GROUP All Rights Reserved