托福综合口语题目的练习中，为了方便考生组织答案，老师会在每一个题目的讲解中给出一个“模板”，即所谓的答案框架，回答问题时使用模板对大部分考生来说已经是心照不宣的既定规则。但是，模板真的像大家想象中那样好用吗？一定要使用模板吗？用了模板之后就一定能取得吗？下面，我们来讨论一下模板的作用和局限性以及为什么模板并不是*的。
托福综合口语题目的练习中，为了方便考生组织答案，老师会在每一个题目的讲解中给出一个“模板”，即所谓的答案框架，回答问题时使用模板对大部分考生来说已经是心照不宣的既定规则。但是，模板真的像大家想象中那样好用吗？一定要使用模板吗？用了模板之后就一定能取得*吗？下面，我们来讨论一下模板的作用和局限性以及为什么模板并不是*的。
模板的作用：方便答题。
模板*初被创造出来，目的很单纯：方便考生答题。因为每个题型的内容和问题是比较固定的，因此掌握一定的模板，能使考生在考场上有限的时间内*答出题目，将所听内容和细节像填图一样填在模板的每一个空格处。它有一定的便利性。另外，模板本身结构清晰，层次分明，能一定程度上缓解考生本身语言中的无逻辑或逻辑混乱的问题。
模板的缺点：浪费时间。
通过课堂上的大量实验和观察发现，考生在使用模板时*大的问题就是时间成本。模板本身占据一定时间，而托福独立口语每个题目的回答时间只有60s，在本来答题时间就很紧张的情况下，模板长达10s甚至15s，反而给考生带来了更大的时间压力，特别是一些基础较弱、语速较慢的考生，经常出现因为模板太拖沓导致*后无法在规定时间内回答完题目的问题发生。
下面，我们用Task3“学校通知/学生提议”为例，来看一下模板的使用问题。
Task 3 的一个常用模板为：In the reading passage, the school makes an announcement that it will....because...and.... But in the listening passage, the student shows her disagreement with this announcement for two reasons. First.... Second.... 此模板单词数为32，本身不长，但是对于一些基础较差、语速很慢的学生来说，只读完这个模板所需时间可能长达至少10s，可能导致*后听力细节来不及说完而丢分。在考生对此模板已经非常熟悉之后，完全可以简化模板，将重点和时间放在reading和listening的核心内容上，托福口语是踩点给分的，不是按照模板给分，即只要让*听到关键点，考生就能得分。模板说的再全再漂亮，阅读和听力中的关键点说不全照样会丢分。比如我们可以将模板简化成以下内容：The school plans to ....because... and.... But the student thinks it’ll be a terrible idea because first..., second.... 这样模板被简化为只有18个单词，比之前少了将近一半的篇幅。在变得简单易表达的同时，逻辑依然清晰。这样考生会有更多时间来详细复述阅读和听力中的重点内容。
再以Task 5“学生问题”为例：
Task5的一个常见模板为 The student has a problem that he.... There are two possible solutions for him. First, he could... Second, he could... I’d prefer the first/second solution for 2 reasons. First,... Second... （46词），task5本身听力细节就很多，考生经常出现因为模板拖沓浪费时间*后无法将所听内容全部答完的问题。我们完全可以简化该模板：The student can’t... He could choose to...or to.... I’d prefer the first solution because he could...and...这样原来的模板就被简化为21个单词。并且利落很多，逻辑依然清晰。
Eg: Tpo10 Task5
Listening: (woman) Is there a problem with the electricity?
(man) Yeah, this storm knocked out power all over the city. And they’re saying it
might be several hours before we have electricity again.
(woman) Oh, no! I have a history paper due tomorrow and I’ve been writing it on my lap top computer and the battery’s running low. I am going to need electricity soon.
(man) Well, you know, Jefferson City still has electricity. And there is a library there where you can plug in lap top. You could go over there to work on your paper. It’s only about a twenty-minute drive.
(woman) That’s a good idea. Of course I’d have to pack up all my stuff and it is raining outside.
(man) Yeah, that’s true. Well, why don’t you just ask the professor for an extension?
You know, tomorrow when you go to class just ask him if he would give you an extra
day to get the paper done. I’m pretty sure he’d agree. You know, with the storm and all.
(woman) Yeah, that should be a lot easier. But then he did tell us when he gave us the assignment that he wouldn’t grant any extension.
(man) You don’t think he’d grant an exception in that case?
(woman) I’m not sure. It’s a little risky. He might just say that we shouldn’t have waited until the last minute.
(man) Yeah, but, maybe if other students have the same problem you might be able to convince him.
(woman) Yeah, I mean, it’s not our fault that the electricity went out. Hmmm...
如果按照*个模板，答案如下：The woman has a problem that there is a problem with the electricity in her city due to a storm but she has to write a history paper which is due tomorrow and her lap top’s battery is running low. There are two possible solutions for her. First, she could go to another city nearby which has electricity and use the library there to finish her paper. Second, she could ask the professor for a deadline extension. I’d prefer the second solution for two reasons. First, although the professor did say when giving students the assignment that he wouldn’t grant any extension, in this case he may make an exception especially when there are other students having the same problem. After all, it is not the students’ fault that there is a blackout in the city. Second, if the girl goes to another city, she has to pack up all her stuff and it is raining outside. It will be a lot of trouble. （171词）
我们简化模板，答案如下：The woman has to write a history paper which is due tomorrow and her lap top’s battery is running low but there is a blackout in her city due to a storm. She could choose to go to another city nearby which has electricity and use the library there to finish her paper or she could ask the professor for a deadline extension. I’d prefer asking for an extension because although the professor did say when giving students the assignment that he wouldn’t grant any extension, in this case he may make an exception especially when there are other students having the same problem. After all, it is not the students’ fault that there is a black out in the city. Also, if the girl goes to another city, she has to pack up all her stuff and it is raining outside. It will be a lot of trouble. (156词)
虽然减少的词数不到20个，但整体答案看起来更为简洁了，并且对于语速很慢的考生来说，这不足20个词省下来的5-10s左右的时间是非常关键的。
综上所述，我们可以看出来，虽然模板的使用在一定程度上能方便考生答题，但它本身会占据时间，导致*后回答超时。当模板的使用坏处超过好处时，我们就要大胆舍弃它。我们建议考生在熟练掌握每个题型的回答思路之后，可以灵活变通，简化甚至舍弃模板，这样不仅答案会更简洁、紧凑，还能省下时间，集中回答阅读和听力中的重点内容。
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